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考研语法长难句-名词的后置修饰

来源:武汉新东方考研培训机构 时间:2018-11-15

  我们在基础阶段长难句的课程中,已经学习到了名词常见的五种后置修饰:1)to do不定式;2)形容词短语;3)doing&done结构;4)介词结构;5)定语从句。

  今天我们就通过几个句子了解下它们在真题中的应用:

  Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases. (2003-Text 3)

  在这个句子中,to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief不定式做the right的后置定语,这个句子就可以翻译为:

  感觉被要价过高的托运人有权上诉联邦政府“水陆运输局”以求降低价格,但是这一过程花费高、浪费时间,而且只有在真正极端的案件中才有用。

  There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. (1999-翻译74)

  在这个句子中,peculiar to historical work in general形容词短语修饰前面的名词the concepts; appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry形容词短语修饰前面的名词the research techniques. 这个句子可以翻译为:

  所谓方法论是指一般的历史研究中的特有概念,还是指历史探究中各个具体领域使用的研究手段,人们对此意见不一。

  The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames. (1-2008-Text 3)

  在这个句子中 playing major professional sports 修饰前面的the bodies,做它的后置定语, the bodies不能理解为“身体”,而是“(运动员的)身材”,这个句子就可以翻译为:

  多年以来,从事主要职业运动的运动员的身材发生了显著变化,经理人一直在欣然调整队服,以适应越来越多的更加高大的运动员。

  It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.

  在这个句子中,in the land community介词结构和that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning定语从句都是修饰前面的名词many elements, 这个句子我们可以翻译为:

  它往往忽视陆地群落中诸多缺乏商业价值、但对其健康运行至关重要的物种,而较终导致它们的灭绝。

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